Jordan Process Service: Rules, Laws, and Court Procedures

I. Introduction

Jordan, a country located in the heart of the Middle East, has a legal system based on civil law with influences from Islamic law (Sharia) and customary law. For legal professionals, businesses, and individuals who need to serve legal documents in Jordan, it is essential to understand the country’s process service rules and laws. At Undisputed Legal, we have extensive expertise and experience in navigating Jordan process service rules, regulations and providing reliable service of legal documents. This comprehensive guide will explore Jordan process service rules, highlighting how our team can assist you with your Jordan process service needs in this jurisdiction. Click here for information on How To Serve Legal Papers Internationally.

II. Jordan’s Legal System and Court Structure

A. Legal System: Jordan’s legal system is based on civil law, with the Constitution of Jordan serving as the supreme law of the land. The country’s legal framework is also influenced by Islamic law (Sharia) and customary law. Click here for information on the Code of Civil Procedure in Jordan.

B. Court Structure:

1. Magistrate Courts (محاكم الصلح)

• Handle minor civil and criminal cases
• Located in various districts throughout Jordan

2. Courts of First Instance (محاكم البداية)

• Handle civil and criminal cases as courts of first instance
• Located in each governorate of Jordan

3. Courts of Appeal (محاكم الاستئناف)

• Serve as appellate courts for decisions made by Courts of First Instance
• Located in Amman, Irbid, and Ma’an

4. Court of Cassation (محكمة التمييز)

• Highest court in Jordan for civil and criminal matters
• Reviews decisions made by the Courts of Appeal and ensures the proper application of the law
• Located in Amman

5. Constitutional Court (المحكمة الدستورية)

• Interprets the Constitution and ensures the constitutionality of laws and regulations
• Located in Amman

Our team at Undisputed Legal has a thorough understanding of Jordan’s court structure and can assist in determining the appropriate court for serving legal documents.

III. Service of Process in Jordan

A. Service by Court Bailiff (تبليغ بواسطة مأمور التنفيذ): In Jordan, service of process is primarily carried out by court bailiffs, who are judicial officers responsible for serving legal documents. The court bailiff hand-delivers the documents to the recipient and prepares a certificate of service (شهادة التبليغ) as proof of service. This method of service is the most common form of service in Jordan for most civil and commercial cases. At Undisputed Legal, our team works closely with court bailiffs to ensure that your legal documents are properly served in compliance with Jordanian laws.

B. Service by Registered Mail (التبليغ بالبريد المسجل): In some cases, Jordanian law allows for service by registered mail. The court sends the legal documents to the recipient’s registered address via registered mail with a return receipt requested. Service by registered mail is considered effective on the date the recipient signs the return receipt. Our team at Undisputed Legal can assist in ensuring that service by registered mail is carried out effectively and in accordance with Jordanian law.

C. Service by Publication (التبليغ بالنشر): When the defendant’s whereabouts are unknown, and other methods of service are not possible, Jordanian courts may allow service by publication. This involves publishing a notice of the legal action in two local newspapers, one in Arabic and one in English. Service by publication is considered a last resort and must be authorized by the court. We can assist in obtaining the necessary court authorization and ensuring that the publication process is carried out in accordance with Jordanian law.

D. Service Outside Jordan: When a recipient is located outside Jordan, service of process must be carried out in accordance with international laws and treaties. Jordan is not a signatory to the Hague Service Convention, but it has bilateral agreements with several countries regarding the service of legal documents. In the absence of a bilateral agreement, service may be effected through diplomatic channels or by following the laws of the recipient’s country of residence. Our team at Undisputed Legal has extensive experience in serving legal documents internationally and can ensure that the process is carried out in compliance with the relevant international laws and treaties.

IV. Service of Process in Specific Cases

A. Service in Civil Cases: In civil cases, such as contract disputes or tort claims, service of process is typically carried out by court bailiffs or, in some cases, by registered mail. The documents to be served may include the statement of claim (لائحة الدعوى), summons (مذكرة الدعوة), and other relevant court documents. Our team at Undisputed Legal can assist in ensuring that all necessary documents are properly served in accordance with the Jordanian Civil Procedure Law (قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية).

Real-World Example: In a breach of contract case involving a Jordanian company and a foreign investor, Undisputed Legal successfully coordinated the service of the statement of claim and summons on the Jordanian company’s registered address in Amman. Our team navigated the complexities of Jordan’s process service rules and ensured that all documents were properly formatted and served in compliance with the law.

B. Service in Commercial Cases: In commercial cases, such as disputes between businesses, service of process is usually carried out by court bailiffs or, in some cases, by registered mail. The documents to be served may include the statement of claim, summons, and other relevant court documents. We at Undisputed Legal can assist in serving legal documents related to commercial cases, ensuring compliance with the Jordanian Commercial Law (قانون التجارة) and other applicable laws.

Real-World Example: In an international trademark infringement case involving a Jordanian company and a U.S. corporation, Undisputed Legal was retained to serve legal documents on the Jordanian company. Our team coordinated with local court bailiffs to ensure that the company was properly served with the necessary documents, in accordance with the Jordanian Commercial Law and international treaties.

V. Proof of Service

After serving legal documents in Jordan, it is crucial to obtain proof of service to demonstrate that the documents were properly delivered to the recipient. Proof of service may include:

1. A شهادة التبليغ (certificate of service) prepared by the court bailiff
2. A return receipt signed by the recipient for service by registered mail
3. A copy of the publication notice for service by publication

Our team at Undisputed Legal ensures that proper proof of service is obtained and maintained for all legal documents served in Jordan. We understand the significance of having reliable proof of service, as it is essential for establishing jurisdiction and ensuring the validity of legal proceedings.

VI. Translations and Language Requirements

Arabic is the official language of Jordan, and legal documents are typically drafted and served in Arabic. If the documents are not in Arabic, a certified translation must be provided to ensure that the recipient understands the contents and that the court can properly consider the documents. Our team at Undisputed Legal can assist in arranging certified translations of your legal documents to facilitate the process service process and ensure compliance with Jordanian language requirements. Click here for information on How To Overcome Language Barriers in Process Service.

VII. Conclusion

Navigating Jordan’s process service rules and laws requires a deep understanding of the country’s legal system and practical experience in serving legal documents. At Undisputed Legal, our team of knowledgeable professionals has the expertise and skills necessary to assist legal professionals, businesses, and individuals with their process service needs in Jordan.

By working with Undisputed Legal and following the guidelines outlined in this comprehensive guide, those involved in serving legal documents in Jordan can benefit from our proven track record of successfully serving process in the country. We stay up-to-date with any changes to Jordan’s legislation and court rules related to process service to ensure compliance and minimize potential challenges.

When you choose Undisputed Legal for your process service needs in Jordan, you can trust that your legal documents will be served with the utmost professionalism, efficiency, and expertise. Contact us today to learn more about how we can assist you with your process service requirements in Jordan.