This article will provide guidance on How To Become A Process Server In New York. Process serving is a part of the United States legal system, referring to the delivery of key legal documents like complaints, summons, etc. It refers to the procedure through which notification is provided to the defendant as to the legal action initiated against them. It ensures that the court’s jurisdiction requirements on the parties are fulfilled. If the defendant ignores further pleadings or fails to participate in the proceedings, the court may find the defendant in default and award relief to the petitioner.
The server can be [A.] a friend or relative, [B.] a co-worker [C.] a county sheriff or marshal, [D.] a process server; or [D.] anyone over 18. However, it is necessary to ensure that whoever the server is, they are of age (eighteen years old at least) and are a disinterested party who is not remotely party to the case. The service must be done so that the opposition has enough time to prepare. Finally, the server needs to fill out a proof of service form detailing the service report and return said proof to file the same with the county clerk in the court.
ROLE OF A NEW YORK PROCESS SERVERS
The job of the process servers can far extend beyond the service of documents. Loathing a defendant is often tricky, and many defendants are evasive of service against them. Reluctant defendants use various maneuvers to avoid service, and the onus lies upon the process server to locate them.
Skip tracing is needed to serve someone who doesn’t want to be served. They’ll take steps to avoid this, changing addresses or jobs or just dropping off the grid as much as they possibly can. Service is especially hard here if it’s for a person whose particulars one does not have.
If this happens, a process server intervenes. They’re armed with access to higher-technology services, previous experience performing the skip trace routine, and insider information. Even if their address seems like an internet search away, process servers are faster and more efficient, often relying on colleagues to pool resources and locate the individual.
Additionally, a process server knows how to go about skip-tracing legally. It’s difficult to maneuver the mire of federal, local, and state laws, especially with trespass and privacy issues, but process servers are trained to work past the same. It must be remembered that trespass is illegal even for process servers, even if the trespass was not meant maliciously. The clash between CPLR and trespass law has historically resulted in the trespass provisions triumphing. In nearly every state, process servers are restricted from trespass and can render service invalid and illegal.
Furthermore, process servers are expected to be well versed in the laws of the relevant area. Delivering notifications can mean a lot of contingencies. Servers must know what to do if a defendant refuses service or is unavailable. If the process delivery falls short legally, the entire case against the defendant may be dissolved. Without proper service, a suit is impossible. The court must acquire personal jurisdiction over a defendant, which cannot be done without proper service.
Furthermore, the service of process is key to adhering to the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution. The defendant needs a chance to put forth their side of the matter, and denying them the same violates fair trial rights. Process service is a practical embodiment of said rights insofar as the defendant needs to know about the complaint against them and be physically present in court. The complaint and summons levied onto the defendant equate to “process.” Click Here for information on Why Do Process Servers Exist!
WHO ARE NEW YORK PROCESS SERVERS
Individual requirements to become a process server vary by jurisdiction. However, it is common that a process server not be a party or attorney involved in the case. Additionally, he or she must be 18 years or older. These basic rules are part of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In some federal cases, the court can order service to be made by a United States marshal, United States deputy marshal, or a person appointed by the court. In-state cases, it is common for the sheriff’s department to serve process on the defendant. Professional process servers are also commonly used for this task.
Any individual can be a process server. The main job of service of process is to deliver documents to individuals. This leads process servers to be in close contact with lawyers and other legal services and would require the server themselves to know about the relevant fields of law since it is their job to furnish the documents while adhering to the state’s laws.
There is no general set of rules for process servers. However, there are local rules set for their qualifications. The city of New York requires that all individuals looking to serve the five (5) boroughs (Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens) must be licensed through the New York City Department of Consumer and Worker Protection. For the areas that require licensing, a Process Server Individual License is required for a person who serves five or more processes in any one year, even if it may be through substituted service. Attorneys admitted to practice in New York State and government employees who serve process part of their job are exempt from this licensing requirement.
Types of Service
There is an assortment of approaches to serve another party. Not all strategies are accessible in all cases. Any service endeavors require consultation regarding the opposition to ensure that all lawful customs are satisfied. If the service administration is not conducted appropriately, there is no option to advance with the case, and purview can be challenged anytime in court.
HOW TO APPLY FOR A NEW YORK PROCESS SERVERS LICENCE
The main requirements to become a New York Process server are [A.] a completed basic individual license application and all necessary paperwork, [B.] background check [C.] passport-sized photo [D.] New York Process Server Bond and [E.] licensing fee.
To become a server in New York, it is necessary to fill in a Basic Individual License Application. The New York City Consumer Affairs Department handles the requirements of process service. There must be actual verifiable identification of the applicant, which may be seen through their [A.] driver’s license or a non-driver’s license identification issued by a State Department of Motor Vehicles [B.] license or permit issued by a government agency [C.] passport or alien card/green card or [D.]city, state, or Federal employee ID card. The provision of said ID facilitates a background check. A clean record is ideal for a licensed process server, although a conviction does not immediately prevent an individual from becoming a process server. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a passport-sized photo.
Purchasing a New York Process Server Bond is an imperative part of the process, aiming to protect the court and clients by functioning essentially like insurance. For individuals, it totals $10,000 and extends up to $100000 for agencies. How much is owed in this bond based on credit scores to recoup as well? Consequently, there must be a proof of bond requirement, which could be [A.] a copy of the surety bond assigned by the applicant with the Department of Consumer Affairs named the Certificate Holder. Your name and address must be the same on all documents, and a copy of the bond receipt stating that the bond has been paid in full or [B.] a Process Server Individual Trust Fund Enrolment Form and additional Proof of Bond Denials or [C.] Process Server Individual Employee Bond Exemption.
For the Process Server Individual Trust Fund, it must first be understood that this is an option only if the bond cannot be procured. Consequently, proof must be submitted that the individual has applied to at least two different surety bond companies and has been rejected by both. Furthermore, there is necessary to pay the enrolment fee to be a part of the Trust Fund. This one-time payment is directly transferred to the Department of Consumer Affairs.
The third option is limited to servers, which are part of an agency already. The Process Server Individual Employee Bond Exemption is available to employees of a process serving agency. Still, it requires proof of the agency’s bond and the Process Server Individual Employee Bond Exemption certification. Furthermore, the Department of Consumer Affairs must be notified whenever a process server stops being exclusively bound to service with the agency.
The burdens to prove the capacity of process service differ for companies and individuals. Process service agencies must complete the Roster of Process Serving Agencies and notify the Department of Consumer Affairs of any change within five days. On the other hand, individual process servers must take the Process Server Individual exam that deals with the relevant laws that the area would require. Without passing this exam, an individual is not qualified to be a process server.
Furthermore, the individual must fill out the requisite Electronic Device Certification, Recordkeeping Certification, Child Support Certification Form, and Granting Authority to Act Affirmation applications. Only the applicant must fill out said certifications. If it were to be filed by someone other than the license applicant, the applicant would have to submit a Granting Authority to Act Affirmation.
After passing the exam, the process server would have to pay the requisite licensing fees. This includes the license fee itself and a fingerprint processing fee to examine any criminal record that an individual may have. All process servers must have their fingerprints on file.
A process server must maintain a Registry Ledger. This is essentially a logbook that holds all records of service by the license. This record must be legible, with corrections made by merely running a straight line through the erring fact rather than obliterating or erasing the material. Furthermore, it is necessary to maintain electronic records in a responsible manner impervious to tampering. This would comprise either [A.] entering data in the Department of Consumer Affairs-approved format for Excel spreadsheets, [B.] using a third-party document management system as per guidelines laid down by the Department of Consumer and worker protection, or [C.] scanning the logbook into a PDF. In contested service, licensed process servers and agencies must report traverse hearings to the Department of Consumer and worker protection within ten days of receiving notice.
New York’s stringent service of process rules ensures that deceitful processes could be held liable. Intentional failure to provide service in the hopes of a false affidavit, and consequently, a default judgment, is a crime. The stringent bar to process servers ensures due diligence and the prevention of tactics like sewer service.
DOMESTIC COVERAGE AREAS:
Alaska | Alabama | Arkansas | Arizona | California | Colorado | Connecticut | District of Columbia | Delaware | Florida| Georgia | Hawaii | Iowa | Idaho | Illinois | Indiana | Kansas | Kentucky | Louisiana | Maryland | Massachusetts | Maine | Michigan | Minnesota | Mississippi | Missouri | Montana | North Carolina | North Dakota | Nebraska | New Hampshire | New Jersey | New Mexico | Nevada | New York | Ohio | Oklahoma | Oregon | Pennsylvania | Rhode Island| South Carolina | South Dakota | Tennessee | Texas | Utah | Virginia | Vermont | Washington | West Virginia | Wisconsin | Wyoming
INTERNATIONAL COVERAGE AREAS:
Albania | Andorra | Anguilla | Antigua | Argentina | Armenia | Australia | Austria | Azerbaijan | Bahamas | Barbados | Belarus | Belgium | Belize | Bermuda | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Botswana | Brazil | British Honduras | British Virgin Islands | Bulgaria | Canada | Cayman Islands | Central and Southern Line Islands | Chile|China (Macao) | China People’s Republic | Colombia | Costa Rica | Country of Georgia | Croatia | Cyprus | Czech Republic | Denmark | Dominican Republic | Ecuador | Egypt | Estonia | Falkland Islands and Dependences | Fiji | Finland | France | Germany | Gibraltar| Gilbert and Ellice Islands | Greece | Guernsey | Hong Kong | Hungary | Iceland | India | Ireland | Isle of Man | Israel | Italy | Jamaica | Japan | Jersey Channel Islands | Jordan | Kazakhstan | Korea | Kuwait | Latvia | Lithuania | Luxembourg | Malawi | Malaysia | Malta | Mauritius | Mexico| Monaco | Montenegro | Montserrat | Morocco | Namibia | Netherlands | New Zealand |Nicaragua | Norway | Pakistan | Panama | Paraguay | Peru | Philippines | Pitcairn |Poland | Portugal | Republic of Moldova | Republic of North Macedonia | Romania |Russian Federation | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | San Marino | Saudi Arabia | Serbia | Seychelles | Singapore| Slovakia | Slovenia | South Africa | Spain | Sri Lanka | St. Helena and Dependencies | St. Lucia | Sweden | Switzerland | Taiwan | Thailand | Tunisia| Turkey | Turks and Caicos Islands| Ukraine | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Uruguay | US Virgin Islands | Uzbekistan | Venezuela | Vietnam
OFFICE LOCATIONS
New York: (212) 203-8001 – 590 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, New York 10022
Brooklyn: (347) 983-5436 – 300 Cadman Plaza West, 12th Floor, Brooklyn, New York 11201
Queens: (646) 357-3005 – 118-35 Queens Blvd, Suite 400, Forest Hills, New York 11375
Long Island: (516) 208-4577 – 626 RXR Plaza, 6th Floor, Uniondale, New York 11556
Westchester: (914) 414-0877 – 50 Main Street, 10th Floor, White Plains, New York 10606
Connecticut: (203) 489-2940 – 500 West Putnam Avenue, Suite 400, Greenwich, Connecticut 06830
New Jersey: (201) 630-0114 – 101 Hudson Street, 21 Floor, Jersey City, New Jersey 07302
Washington DC: (202) 655-4450 – 2200 Pennsylvania Avenue, 4 Fl East, Washington DC 20037
FOR ASSISTANCE SERVING LEGAL PAPERS
Simply pick up the phone and call Toll-Free (800) 774-6922 or click the service you want to purchase. Our dedicated team of professionals is ready to assist you. We can handle all your process service needs; no job is too small or too large! Click Here for information on What is a Process Server?; or What is Process Service?
Contact us for more information about our process serving agency. We are ready to provide service of process to all our clients globally from our offices in New York, Brooklyn, Queens, Long Island, Westchester, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Washington, D.C.
“Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction, and skillful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives” – Foster, William A
Sources
1. Butler v. Ratner, 662 N.Y.S.2d 69 (City Ct. 1997)
2. Information for Process Server Industry. (n.d.). Retrieved October 22, 2020, from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/info-process-servers.page
3. New York General Business Law § 89-cc and Title 6, Rules of the City of New York § 2-233 for requirements
4. Title 6, Rules of the City of New York § 2-236(c).